Browsers are
difficult
Please wait, loading your map...
Zionism is the political
movement for liberation
of the Jewish people and
self-determination in
their ancestral
homeland
Jews are indigenous to Judea (Land
of Israel). Evidence: genetic, textual
continuity, religion, Hebrew
language, archeology & culture
The Dead Sea Scrolls excavated in 1947 in
the Judean desert date from as early as 586
BC proving scientifically that the Hebrew
Bible and other Hebrew texts originated in
the land of Israel
Jewish national indigenous status in the
Land of Israel is proven by Archeology as
early back as the 10th century BC
In Hebrew Yehudi יהודי (Jew) is someone who
originates from Yehuda יהודה (Judea). The
Hebrew language is called "Yehudit" יהודית
(Jewish or Judean) in the Bible 6 times
Jews maintained their Hebrew literacy throughout the generations
everywhere they were exiled (Yiddish, Ladino, Hebrew Arabic dialects, etc)
Modern Hebrew is built in
the same foundation as
Bibilical and Mishnaic
Hebrew, with new words
added for the modern age
The name 'Palestine' probably derives from the Philistines (non-
semitic Sea People). In the Hebrew Bible they are called "Plishtim"
from the Hebrew "Polesh" (Invader). The Romans stopped using the
name Judea to erase the memory of the Jews. But Palestinian Arabs
have nothing in common with the ancient Philistines genetically,
religiously, linguistically, archeologically or culturally
Ancient Judean coin of
Menorah 40BC (British
Museum)
The Menorah carried by Judean exiles
through the Arch of Titus in Rome can still
be seen today (Roman exile 70 AD)
Emblem of Israel
80% written in Hebrew
Copies of Hebrew Bible and other texts
The Jewish "textline" shows textual continuity throughout history, each text
builds on and refers to prior texts, all the way to contemporary Hebrew
literature. Since there was never any discontinuity in Jewish texts, there
cannot be a discontinuity in the Jewish people who authored those texts
Diaspora Jews always maintained their
connection with the Land of Israel
Jewish Holidays are based on the agriculture
and seasonality of the Land of Israel
Jews always traveled to the land of Israel: Medieval Hebrew Travel
logs to Israel
Daily Jewish "Amidah" prayer (3 times a day while facing
Jerusalem) asks for Jews to return to Israel.
At the end of the meal: Birkat Hamazon
At the end of the Seder: "Next Year in Jerusalem"
Jewish Wedding: breaking the glass
to remember the destruction of the
Temple: "If I forget Jerusalem - may
I forget my right hand"
Jews maintained their Hebrew literacy throughout the generations
everywhere they were exiled by creating Hebrew dialects of local
languages (Yiddish, Ladino, Hebrew Arabic dialects, etc)
Modern Hebrew is built in
the same foundation as
Bibilical and Mishnaic
Hebrew, with new words
added for the modern age
Secular Poetry of yearning for the land of Israel - Yehuda Ha'Levi, 1100 AD: "My heart is in the East, but I am in the West"
"The Hope" (HaTikvah): Israel's National Anthem (written 1878): "The hope of 2,000 year, to be a free people in our land,
the land of Zion and Jerusalem"
Jewish children singing HaTikvah in 1930 in Munkács (Czech/Ukraine)
The Jewish people were
the only nation ever to
gain independence in
the land of Israel. After
exile, the Jewish people
always maintained
continuity in Palestine
Hasmonean Dynasty: A Jewish Independent
State from 140 BCE to 37 BCE. There was no
independent state in Palestine after this
period - until the founding of Israel in 1948.
The Mishna & Jerusalem Talmud
were created in the Land of Israel
based on the Bible 200-600 CE,
proving Jewish textual continuity in
the land of Israel
Historian Ben-Zion Dinur's book "Israel and the Diaspora"
compares the Muslim invasion of Palestine in the 7th Century
to the Muslim invasion of Spain. It took 800 years for the
Spanish people to reconquer Spain. It took the Jewish people
400 years longer to return to their land in the 19th century
Jews continued living in the Land of
Israel through Arab, Crusader, Mamluk
and Ottoman invasions
Bible punctuation & Cantillation: Tiberias 750-900 CE
(Aleppo Codex found in Syria)
Safed was the center of Kaballah from 1492
Modern Zionism, alongside other national
liberation movements, emerged in the 19th
century with the birth of the "Nation State".
Jews demanded equality as individuals and
self-determination as a nation
19th Century: The birth of "Nation States". Jews became less religiously
segregated, but were excluded from national narratives
Centuries of Jewish Expulsions left Jews scattered in all the
countries that were seeking self-determination
Heinrich Graetz (1817-1891) was the first encyclopedic
historian of the Jewish people, and his massive 10-volume
"History of the Jews" (1853) showed that Jews are a
nation living in the diaspora, not just as a religion
The Jewish diaspora in 1881 - Jews suffered persecution, expulsion,
pogroms and exclusion. Jewish emancipation was slow and often reversed
1882 - Leo Pinsker wrote "Auto Emancipation": Jews cannot wait
top be "emancipated" - they must emancipate themselves
The Old New Land is a utopian novel by
Theodor Herzl (1860 – 1904), the founder
of political Zionism. Outlining Herzl’s
vision for a Jewish State in the Land of
Israel, this book became one of Zionism's
establishing texts.
1897 - First Zionist Congress: 200 Jewish leaders from 17
countries convened for the first time ever. Resolved:
"Zionism aims at establishing for the Jewish people a
publicly and legally assured home in Palestine"
1783: Revival of Hebrew as a
modern secular spoken language
rich in prose and poetry
Europe before Nation States
Europe after Nation States emerge. Nation State narratives
gave rise to ethnic/racial Antisemitism
1850: Secular/Racial Jewish Antisemitism: Wagner:
"Jewishness in Music": "Jews are unable to speak
European languages properly....Europeans feel an
involuntary repellence by the nature and personality
of the Jews"
Wilhelm Marr (1879) invented the term "Anti-Semitism" to
distinguish hating Jews as a race/ethnicity from hating their
religion. Laid the foundation for Nazi anti-Semitism
1903: "The Protocols of the Elders
of Zion" - fabricated conspiracy
theories of Jewish domination
gave rise to pogroms in Russia
1881-1906 "The Odessa Pogroms": Jewish communities murdered
and destroyed causing immigration wave to US and Palestine
Modern Zionism Started in 1882.
This was the moment in history
when the Jewish people decided to
become masters of their own fate
Palestine had sparse Arab/Ottoman/Beduin villages in 1880 (marked in red in
1880 Palestine Exploration Fund Survey Map which took 8 years to prepare). This
is considered the first professional map of Palestine
There NEVER existed an independent Arab state in
Palestine, and prior to WWI, there never existed ANY
independent Arab state anywhere
Ottoman Empire 400 years: 1517-1917. Ottomans
were Muslims, but not Arabs
Mamluk Empire 300 years: 1250-1517. Mamluks
were Muslims, but not Arabs
1831-1841 Egyptian Ottoman ruler Muhammad Ali
invaded Palestine and Syria. Thousands killed and
expelled. Dozens of Villages and Towns destroyed.
Population in Jaffa and other towns replaced by
Egyptians and Bedouins
Mark Twain "The Innocents Abroad" (1867): “ ...a desolate
country....We never saw a human being on the whole route....”
1907 Ottoman map showed Palestine as a part of Syria, not
having independent borders
1882: Rishon LeZion
1882: Zichron Yaakov
1st Aliya (1882) + 2nd Aliya (1904)
First Film footage Palestine 1911
Film Footage Palestine 1924
Full feature 1-hour long narrated film
Palestine 1935 - Fully functional Jewish State
1884: Daily Hebrew Press in Palestine
(called Eretz Israel in heading)
JNF (Jewish National Fund -
KKL) raised donations to buy
Ottoman lands from legal
owners in 1903
1909: Founding Tel Aviv in the dunes near Jaffa. Marketing brochure
promised the future city would have roads, sidewalks, electricity and
running water
Jews mostly picked areas that were never inhabited
The Jewish liberation
movement (Zionism) and the
Arab liberation movement
achieved their goals at the
same time, following WWI,
using the exact same
diplomatic process
After Ottoman/German defeat in WWI, Four massive
empires crumbled and were divided up into nation-states:
the German, the Austro-Hungarian, the Russian and the
Ottoman empires. Arabs and Jews were among the nations
that demanded independence. The Arab liberation
movement came to the Paris/San Remo peace conferences
as ONE nation demanding one large state, under their
leader Faisal, and the Jewish liberation movement
(Zionism) was led by Chaim Weizmann
San Remo - The 1920 resolution on Palestine was
endorsed by Weizmann (representing the Jewish
nation) and Faisal (representing the Arab Nation)
League Of Nations Resolution 1922: “Whereas recognition has been given
to the historical connection of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the
grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country.”
No independent Arab
state existed before WWI
After Arabs secured their lands outside of
Palestine, they started focusing on Israel/Palestine
1922: 51 member of the League of Nations unanimously gave
Britain a Mandate to establish a Jewish State in Palestine
"The Mandatory will be responsible for putting into effect
the declaration originally made on November 2, 1917, by
the British Government, and adopted by the other Allied
Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a
national home for the Jewish people"
Lodge–Fish Resolution passed in Congress 1922: "United
States of America favors the establishment in Palestine of
a national home for the Jewish people"
The Weizman-Faisal Agreement: "...we shall work
together to encourage immigration of Jews into
Palestine on a large scale... closest possible
collaboration in the development of the Arab State and
Palestine" (Palestine here refers to the Jewish state)
Palestinian leader Anwar Nusseibeh: [4:38] "The Arab
national feeling in Palestine was the same as the Arab
feeling in the rest of the Arab Middle East... Palestine was
part of Syria... we were all Arabs. One people, one country"
Nobel Peace Prize winner Philip Noel Baker: [9:25] "I was
converted to Zionism over lunch with the Emir Faisal,
translated by Laurence of Arabia. Faisal said: "Of course
we want Zionists to come into Palestine... the territory of
Palestine, which is so arid and so much of it a desert will
blossom like a rose... we shall borrow their experts and
do the same in all Arab lands"
Two-State Solution: A
sovereign Jewish
state AND a sovereign
Arab/Palestinian state
from the Jordan river
to the Sea
Israeli leadership accepted
partition/peace plan
proposals since 1936, and
Palestinian leadership has
rejected all of them
Arabs rejected 6 Palestine partition plans before 1948 that
would have resulted in an independent Palestinian Arab state
Britain abandons the Mandate in 1947 after 30
years and returns it to the UN
Bevin 1947: "For the Jews, the essential point of
principle is the creation of a sovereign Jewish
State. For the Arabs, the essential point of
principle is to resist to the last the establishment
of Jewish sovereignty in any part of Palestine."
1. Peel Plan (1937)
2. Woodhead Plan (1938)
3. The 1939 White Paper
4. Morrison-Grady Plan (1946)
5. Bevin Plan (1947)
6. UN Partition Plan (1947)
Nov. 29, 1947: UN
resolution to partition
Palestine into Jewish
and Arab states
Palestinian Arab Leaders issued threats of Annihilation
The Mufti: Haj Amin Al-Husseini
collaborated with the Nazi's
Collaborated directly with Nazis and
escaped trial at Nuremberg
Met with Hitler, Himler and other Nazi leaders
Called for Jewish Annihilation
in Arabic Radio addresses
Haj Amin Al-Husseini escaped trial
at Nuremberg to lead the "All
Palestine Government" in Gaza in
1948 (not recognized by the Arab
League or the UN). Then escaped
to Egypt where his disciple Arafat
founded Fatah .
Ismail Safwat (Arab Liberation Army)
Defined the Arab goals of the 1948 war: "..the annihilation of the Jews
of Palestine and completelely cleansing the state of them"
Azzam Pasha (Head of Arab League)
"This will be a war of extermination and momentous massacre
of Jews like the Tartar massacre and the Crusader wars"
Israel's Declaration of Independence (May 14, 1948): "WE APPEAL - in the very midst of the onslaught launched against us now for months - to the Arab inhabitants of the State of
Israel to preserve peace and participate in the upbuilding of the State on the basis of full and equal citizenship and due representation in all its institutions".
Israel's War or Independence 1948
The 1947 partition gave the Jews a small
sliver of land - but they accepted it.
Arabs unanimously rejected it.
Five Arab armies invaded Israel one day following its
declaration of independence on May 14, 1948
The War of Independence (Israel, 1948) - % of population killed small compared to
other 20th century armed conflicts
The Palestinians call it
"The Nakba" (Disaster)
6,000 Jews were killed
17,000 Arabs were killed (ref: Al Arif, Al Nakba, vol 6, p.7)
More Palestinians were killed by Jordan in one month
("Black September" 1970) than in the 1948 War
120,000 estimated TOTAL death toll of Israel-Arab
Wars since 1948
~24,000 Israelis killed in
ALL Israeli-Arab wars
~30,000 Palestinians killed
in ALL Israeli-Arab wars
The rest were Arab army
combatants in 1948, 1967, 1973 wars
For comparison: ~500,000 is the
death toll in the Syrian civil war
2011-2022
~750,000 Palestinian Refugees escaped as a result
of the Arab invasion and the horrors of war
Most left to escape the fighting. Elites went first, causing
others to flee as civil society collapsed.
Arab leaders encouraged them to get out of the way of
advancing Arab armies, promising they would
return after a victory that never came.
Arab propaganda manufactured or exaggerated tales of
Israeli atrocities, causing widespread panic.
Israeli troops removed a small minority, mostly from
strategic areas vital to the country’s survival.
Israel declared independence on May 14, 1948. Arabs declared war
US and Britain placed Arms embargo on Israel in 1948 war
Israel Defense Forces (IDF) used old WWII planes
refurbished in Czechoslovakia
Armistice Agreements were signed in 1949 between Israel and neighboring
Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria to formally end the official hostilities of
the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and establish armistice lines between Israeli
forces and Jordanian-Iraqi forces, also known as the "Green Line"
Abba Eban explains the significance of the
Armistice agreement in 1958
The Arab League declared in 1947: "All Jews living in Arab lands are members of the Jewish minority state of Palestine. Their bank
accounts will be frozen and used to finance resistance to ‘Zionist ambitions in Palestine'. Jews believed to
be active Zionists will be interned as political prisoners and their assets confiscated"
NY Times Headline from May 16, 1948: "Jews In Grave Danger In All Muslim Lands"
After 1948 - 850,000 Jews were dispossessed and expelled from Arab lands
without recognizing it as a population exchange. Palestinians claim that
there was no connection between their refugees and the Jewish refugees
Loss of refugee property
(2007 value)
Palestinian refugees from 1948 war lost ~$4 Billion
Jewish refugees from Arab countries lost ~$6 Billion
Palestinians still claim the 1948
refugees and their descendants
have a "right of return" to
pre-1948 Arab villages and
towns that were destroyed in
the war
No refugees in modern history have been
granted a collective “right of return”
The Palestinians have
their own UN refugee
agency: UNRWA while
the rest of the world
(including Syria) shares
one single refugee
agency: UNHCR
Palestinians are the only refugees demanding a right of
return for all future generations
Arab countries perpetuate Palestinian status as refugees
UNRWA operates refugee camps that perpetuate Palestinian suffering and use the "key" to
symbolize their ancestor's houses in Israel. Other Palestinians live in modern cities
After 1949, Palestinian
leaders rejected all offers
to create an independent
Palestinian state
1988: Jordan drops its claim over the West Bank. For
the 10 years from 1948-1967, while Jordan ruled the
West Bank and Egypt ruled Gaza, there was NO plan
to create an independent Palestinian State
1993: OSLO Accords
1994: Gaza/Jericho Agreement
1994+: Hamas launches suicide Bombings in Israel
2000: Arafat rejects Clinton proposal for
Independent Palestinian State in 96% of
West Bank and all of Gaza
2000: Instead of counter offer to Clinton plans,
Palestinians launch 2nd Intifada killing 1,000 Israelis
2005: IDF Pulls out of Gaza. Evicts all 21 Gaza settlements and
4 west-bank settlements: ~10,000 people. Leaves behind
$1.5B in assets. 15% of Israel’s agricultural exports. Hamas
takes over and starts launching rocket attacks
2008 Olmert offered Palestinian State in West Bank and
Gaza. Olmert also offered to divide Jerusalem. Hamas
rejected. Abbas never responded
2013-2014: Obama/Kerry talks last 2 year. In
the end, Israel agrees to sign the framework
agreement. Instead of signing, Abbas tries to
make peace with Hamas, fails, and then
Hamas starts the 2014 Gaza War.
A Mind-Map of Zionism and Israel -
Author: Dan Adler
Please follow links top-to-bottom
and left-to-right
zoom in/out as needed
click on links for more information
×
Created using
MindMup.com
